colwell



3 Shets-Sheet 1.

INVENTOR.

(No ModeL) W. S. DLWELL TRIPLE THERMIC MOTOR.l

Patented Mar; 3, 1885.

WITNESSES 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.,

W. S. COLWELL. TRIPLE THERMIG MOTOR.

Patented Mar. `3, 1885.

WITNESSES l INVBNTR.

(No Model.) 3 sheens-shee a.

W. s. GOLWELL.

TRIPLE THERMIG MOTOR.

No. 818,178. Patented Mar. 8, 1885.

Illllll-ll'llllllllllllllllll IlllllllI-llllllllllllllllll| INVENTOR.

MQMM I @Mw @turen Frames Partnr Ormea.

VILLIAM S. OOLNELL, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO TH TRIPLE THERMIC MOTOR COMPANY, OF NEV YORK, N. Y.

TRIPLE Trient/HC Morea.

SPECIFICATION :forming part of Letters Patent No. 313,178, dated March 3, 1885.

Application tiled July 26, 1884. (No model.)

To all whom may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM S. COLWELL, of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State .of Pennsylvania, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Triple Ther-mic Motors; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

My presentinvention relates to certain new and useful improvements on the inventions described in Letters Patentot the United States No. 225,689 and No. 266,952, granted me.

The nature of my present invention consists erating a bisulphideotcarbon engine, which said invention I call triple thermic motor,`

in View of the fact that I utilize the three heats in steam evolved from waterto wit, the specific, latent, and sensible heats thereof.

To enable others skilled in the art with which my invention is most nearly connected to make and use it, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

In the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specitiation, Figure l is a side elevation of my improvement in triple thermic motors. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the rcgulating valve employed for controlling the admission of steam to and through the boiler for evolving the liquid bisulphide of carbon into a vapor. Fig. Sis a side elevation ofthe valve employed l'or controlling the quantity of heat iixed upon for heating the vapor after :it leaves the boiler. Fig. I is a vertical section of a washer used in combination with the condenser and vacuum-pump. Fig. 5 is a vertical section of a section of the cylinderhead of the engine, representing the means employed for packing the piston rod and valve-rods.

My invention has for its object the utilization of the specific, latent, and sensible heat of steam, and through the medium thereof apply a low degree of heat to liquid bisulphide of carbon for evolving a vapor therefrom, and then expanding said vapor under an increased temperature, which is maintained until its power has been applied to the engine.

My invention has also for its object the automatic control of said heats of low and high temperature in their applications to said liquid bisulphide ot' carbon and to the vapor evolved therefrom, and also automatically controlling the vapor evolved by a low degree of heat and expanded by a higher degree ot' heat, and also automatically controlling the supply of said vapor to the engine as to quantity and temperature, and conducting the exhaust of the engine by gravity to a condenser, and finally returning the liquid bisulphide ot' carbon and the water resulting from the condensation of steam back to the respective generator of each at about their boiling-points, all of which is accomplished substantially by the methods hereinafter described and speciically claimed. l

The steani-boiler A, bisulphide-boiler B, engine C, heater D, condenser E, and the pipes, 7o valves, pressnregages, and other appendages connected with said parts are all constructed and operate substantially as shown and described in the cited Letters Patent No. 225,689

and No. 266,952, excepting certainadditions and changes, which additions are as follows vacuum-pump II, washer I, regulating-Valve G, gage K, and well N. The changes arein the regulating-valve F and in the pump M, the construction of which additions and changes 8o l will now proceed to describe.

The regulating-valve E (see Fig. 2) consists of two chambers, a I), secured together with a non-conducting packing, c, placed between them-such as asbestus--for preventing the85 heat from chamber b being transmitted to chamber a, and thereby heating the water in cham-ber c. rIhe chamber a is provided with a plunger, d, connected to a pivoted lever7 c, having an adjustable weighuf. The lower 9o end ofthe plunger l is ot' the form of' a section of a sphere, which form will prevent the plunger from cutting or otherwise injuring the elastic diaphragm g, which divides the chamber a into two compartments. The chamber b is furnished with a balance-valve, h, and suitable seats for said valve. The stem t' of this valve is connected to the lever e.

To the chamber Z is attached a pipe, j, which communicates with the steam-boiler A. 10o

To the chamber a is connected a pipe, 7c, which communicates with the vapor-space of the bisulphide-of-carbon boiler B, and is provided with a valve, Z, above which said pipe is filled with water. The weightf being adj usted onthe lever e for securing the desired pressure of bisulphide-of-carbon vapor in the boiler B and the desired admission of steam to and through said boiler for evolving said vapor, steam flowing through pipe j from boiler A enters the chamber b of the regulating-valve F, and passes therefrom through pipe m to and through the boiler B. The vapor of bisulphide ot' carbon passes from the boiler B, filling the pipe k, in which it condenses until it iills the U-shaped bend in said vapor Will press against the liquid bisulphide of carbon, which, pressing against the water, which, pressing against the elastic diaphragm g, and it against the plunger d, which, in combination with the lever e and weightf, -will open and close the valve hin accordance with the pressure in the bisulphide-of-earbon boiler B, closing said valve when the pressure is greater than that iiXed upon, and opening it when it is less, thereby diminishing the flow of steam through pipe m when the pressure of bisulphide-of-carbon vapor is greater than that determined upon, and increasing said ow when it is less, thereby increasing and diminishing the heat around and through the bisulphide-of-carbon boiler B, whereby 'the desired working pressure of the vapor is always maintained.

The supply and regulating valve G is constructed in every respect the'same as the regulating-valve F, excepting the pipes n o, the

latter of which communicates with the casing L, which surrounds the pipe S, which conducts the vapor of the bisulphide of carbon to the cylinder of the engine C.

The operation of the valve G is the same as that of the valve F, excepting that the steam which enters it also controls the movements of its valve and plunger for controlling the admission of steam into the ease L. The pipe p, attached to the valve G, communicates with the steam-boiler A. Now, by adjusting the Weight q on the lever r for obtaining the desired pressure of steam in the case L, (which pressure may be indicated by pressure-gage, as at K,) the operation will be as follows: The steam flowing from the steam-boilerAthrough pipe p enters the chamber M, and from it through pipe o enters the case L, which communicates with the casing which surrounds the cylinder of the engine C, so that the same pressure of steam Lwhich is in case L will also be in the casing of the cylinder of the engine C. In the event of the pressure in the boiler A increasing beyond that determined upon for the case L the pressure of steam will act against the diaphragm g, which, acting against the plunger d, will thereby, through the meure is attained.

dium of the lever r and weight q, so operate the valve h as to cut oli', or partly cut off, the supply of steam to case L till the desired pressure is attained in said case L. If the pressure in said casings should become less than that iXed upon, then the weight g, through the medium of the lever r, will open the valve h, so as to admit more steam, and will hold the valve open till the desired press- It will be observed that by this arrangement of the supply and regulating valve G with relation to the casing L, and its communicating with the casing of the cylinder of the engine C, uniform pressure may be maintained in said casings notwithstanding any variation of pressure that may occur in the boiler A, and that the heat, and consequently pressure in said casings, is greater than that in the easing of the bisulphide- Aboiler B, and that the vapor-in the pipe S and in the cylinder of the engine is subjected to 'an increased heat, which increases the tension, after it leaves the boiler B until it performs its office upon the piston of the engine C.

In' the operation of the steam-engine from the moment the steam leaves the boiler and its furnace or'superheater until itreaches thel piston of the engine there is a continuousloss of its heat, and therefore a corresponding loss of power; and when working ,said steam eX- pansively there is a further loss of heat and power due to the steam coming in contact with the walls of the cylinder, which are of less temperature than said steam; butin working the vapor of bisulphideof carbon, as herein described, the vapor is superheated from the time it leaves the generating-boiler B until the end of the stroke of the piston, the vapor being subjected after leaving the boiler to a greater temperature in the pipes and cylinder than that at which it was evolved in the boiler B. lt therefore follows that in working it eXpansivelyit can be cut off at an earlier point in the stroke of the piston, and in view of these facts economy of iuel, heat, and afull utilization of the power generated in the boiler must follow.

For the purpose of showing the gain secured by this arrangement for subjecting the vapor to a greater heat than-that at `which it was evolved in the boiler B, I give the following example: When the pressure of steam in the boiler A is about fifty (50) pounds per square inch of boiler-surface, and the circulating-pressure of steam around and through the boiler B is six (6) pounds per square inch of the boiler-surface Working-pressure, the bisulphide of carbon in the boiler B will be subjected to 230 of heat, Fahrenheit, which will evolve the bisulphide of carbon into a vapor having a Working-pressure of sixty-eight (68) pounds per square inch of boiler-surface. Now, with forty-th ree (43) pounds working-pressure in the casing L and in the easing of the cylinderof the engine C, the bSulphide-Of-carbon vapor after leaving the boiler B will be TOO IIO

subjected to au increased heat of sixty-three l the boiler B and the pump M, to convey (63) degrees more than it was in the boiler B,

into the shell below the water-line, (indicated` by the dotted line '11,) at which is a wastepipe, w. a pipe, y, for carrying off the washed air and incondensable and unabsorbed gases. rlhe shell s is also provided with a pipe, c, for supplying it with water, and also drain-pipes b c',

and with a sicht-gage d for ascertainimr D b b 7 7 D,

the height of the water in the shell s.

The piston rod of the engine C is packed in the following` manner, (see Fig. 5): e' is the piston-rod, j" the cylinder-head having pack` ing-caps g li, packing-glands fr' j, and packing-ring k', having recesses t a', which communicate with each other by a series of open ings. headf isa cavity, in which is placed plumbago packing m', then the ring It', then plumbago packing Z', which is followed by the glandj, which is provided with a cavity, o', for oil, which surrounds the rod c, and a recess for packing, a, which is followed by the packing -gland, i', which, with the packinggland j',is forced against the plu mbago packing by means of the screw-caps g h'. The oil-cup p communicates with the cavity oin the gland j by means of a pipe, q', having a valve, r'.

The projection c oithe cylinderhead f is provided with api pe, a, which communicates with the well N, which communicates with the condenser E. The pipe s, through the medium of the vacuuin-punip,iornisa vacu um in the recesses t u ofthe ring 7c', through which vacuum the piston and valve rods move, and thereby prevent the possibility of the vapor of bisulphide of carbon leaking out working of the pump (marked D) described in said Letters Patent the said pump did not at all times work perfectly in pumping the hot water when it was at 01' about the boili ng-point. To remedy this defect,a pipe, Ris employed, s0 as to communicate between the casing of To the upperend of the shells is attached In the project-ion fu ofthe cylinder` steam therefrom, which simple means causes said pump to do its work successfully at all times. I state this fact, which has been fully demonstrated by an experience of several months use of said arrangement, without attempting to describe its theory of operation.

The operation of my improvement, briefly stated, is substantially as follows: Steam is generated in the boiler A, which, by means of a pipe provided with a reducingvalve, communicates with the boiler B, and by the heat of the steam at a low degree of pressure the bisulphide of carbon is evolved into a vapor, which is conveyed by pipe S to the cylinder of the engine, the vapor being super-heated in said pipe by steam from the boiler at ahigher' pressure, and consequently a higher degree of teniperature. After the vapor has performed its office in the engine-cylinder it is exhausted and conducted to the condenser E by gravity, assisted by the vacuum in the condenser. Passing through the heater on its way to the condenser the exhaust-vapors impart their heat to the liquid, being returned from the well N through heaters D and T into the boiler B by the pump P. The vacuumpump H forms a vacuum in the condenser E and well N by withdrawing air and gases from them and forcing said air and gases through pipe t down into the water in the washer I, thereby" washing said air and condensing thecondensable gases, the washed air and incoudensable gases passing oft through the pipe fz, .and any bisulphide of carbon which may be collected in the washer I can be drawn oii' by means of the pipe b, and thereby be saved.

rlhe mechanism hereinbefore described I do not herein claim, but have made it the subject ot' other applications for Letters Patent, (marked Division B and Division 0,) Serial Nos. 141,109 and 140,111.

Having thus described the construction and operation of my present improvements, what I claim is l. The method of operating a bisulphide-ofcarbon engine, which consists in evolving va,- por from liquid bisulphide of carbon, by applying heat thereto, and superheating the vapor under an increased temperature, which is maintained until the power thereof has been applied to the engine, substantially as described.

2. The method of operating a bisulphide-of carbon engine,\vhich consists in evolving vapor from liquid bisulphide of carbon by the application thereto ot' a low degree lof heat, and then superheating the vapor by the application of a higher degree ot' heat, applied thereto bel'ore it is admitted to the engine,

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and continuing the same throughout the powapplying a higher degree of heat to the vapor contained in' said conduit for superheating the same, substantially as described.

5. The method of operatinga bisulphide-ofcarbon engine, which consists in evolving vapor from liquid bisulphide of carbon by the application thereto of heat at a low degree of temperature, regulating the supply of vapor I from the generator to the conduit leading to the engine, and automatically controlling the supply of heat at a higher temperature to the vapor contained in said conduit, substantially as described.

6. The method of operating a bisulphideofcarbon engine, which consists in evolving vapor from liquid bisulphide of carbon by applying thereto heat at a low temperature, controlling the supply of vapor from the generator to the. conduit leading to the engine, superheatiug the vapor under a higher temperature before it is admitted to the engine, and continuing the expansion throughout the stroke of the piston, and automatically controlling the supply of said vapor to the eugine, substantially as described.

7. The method of operating abisulphide-ofcarbon engine, which consists in evolving a vapor from liquid bisulphide of carbon by applying thereto heat at a low temperature, regulating the supply of vapor from the generator to a conduit leading to the engine, and automati'cally controlling the supply of heat at a higher temperature to the vapor contained in said conduit and the supply or vapor to the engine-cy-linder, substantially as described.

8. The method of operating a bisulphide-of- `carbon engine, which consists in evolving vapor from liquid bisulphide of carbon by applying heat thereto at a low temperature, su-

perheating the vapor under a higher temperature, automatically controlling the supply of vapor to the engine-cylinder, and maintaining the vapor undera degree of expansion greater than its initial expansion until the piston has completed its power-stroke, substantially as described.

9. In `a bisulphide ofcarbon engine, the method of controlling the supply of heat to the vapor-evolving chamber, which consists in automatically operatingor controlling a valve which regulates the supply of heat to said evolving-chamber by the pressure ofthe vapor contained in the generator operating upon one end of a column of water and the gravity oi' a suspended .weight upon the opposite end of said column, substantially as described.

10, In a bisulphideof-carbon engine, the method of controlling the supply of heat to the vapor-superheating chamber, which consists in operating the valve which controls said supply by the pressure of the heated fluid in said expanding-chamber moving the valve in one direction and the gravity of a weight in the opposite direction, substantially as described.

l1. The method of operating a bisulphideof-oarbon engine, which consists in evolving vapor from liquid bisulphide of carbon under a low temperature, controlling the supply to a conduit,where the vapor is superheated under a higher temperature, and conducting the eX- cess of vapor' to the condenser, substantially as described. y

12. The method of operating a bisulphideof-carbon engine, which consists in evolving vapor from liquid bisulphide of carbon by applying thereto heat at a low temperature, superheating the vapor under a higher temperature, applying the power of said vapor in an engine,condensing the vapor after it leaves the engine,and nally returning the condensed liquid to the generator, substantially asdescribed.

13. The method of operating a bisulphideof -carbon engine,which consists in evolving a vapor from liquid bisulphide of carbon by applying heat thereto at a low temperature, superheating the vapor under a higher temperature, applying the energy or power thereof in an engine, condensing the exhaustyapor, returning the condensed liquid to the generator, and the air which may be in the condenser charged with vapor to a vessel containing water, substantially as described.

14. The method of operating a bisulphideof-carbon engine, which consists in evolving vapor from liquid bisulphide of carbon by applying heat thereto, superheating the vapor under a higher temperature, which is maintained until it reaches the engine, applying the power thereof in an engine, condensing the exhaust-vapor, and reheating and returning the liquid to the generator at nearly the temperature at which it was evolved into vapor, substantially as described.

15. The method of operating a bisulphideof-carbon engine, which consists in evolving IOO vapor from liquid bisulphide of carbon under of-carbon engine, which consists in evolving vapor from liquid bisulphide of carbon under a low temperature, expanding the vapor under an increased temperature, conducting it to an engine, where the power is applied, and the exhaust to a condenser, reheating the liquid, and nally returning the liquid to the generator underpressure and at a tempera` t ture nearly at the boiling-point, substantially as described. y

17 The method of operating a bisulphide-ofcarbon engine, which consists in evolving vapor from liquid bisulphide of carbon under a loW temperature, expanding the vapor under an increased temperature maintained until its energy or power has been applied as a motor, condensing the exhaust-vapor in a chamber in vacuo, reheating the liquid, and finally returning it to the generator, substantially as described.

18. The method of operating a bisulphide-ofcarbon engine, which consists in generating steam in a suitable generator, conducting a portion thereof at a reduced pressure to a chamber surrounding a vessel containing liquid bisulphide of carbon for evolving vapor, and then expanding the vapor by the heat of steam under a higher pressure applied directly from the generator to the vapor, substantially as described.

19. The method of operating a bisulphide-ofcarbon engine, which consists in generating steam in a suitable generator, conducting a portion thereof at a reduced pressure to a chamber surrounding a vessel containing liquid bisulphide of carbon for evolving vapor, and then expanding the vapor by the heat of steam under a higher pressure applied directly from the generator to the vapor in automatically-regulated quantities, substantially as described. 1

20. The method of operating a bisulphide-of- `carbon engine, which consists in generating steam in a suitable generator, conducting a portion thereof at a reduced pressure to a chamber surrounding a vessel containing liquid bisulphide of carbon for evolving vapor, and then expanding the vapor by the heat of steam under a higher pressure applied directly from the generator to the vapor in automatically-regulated quantities before it is admitted to the engine cylinder, substantially as described.

2l. The method of operaling a bisulphide-ofcarbon engine, which consists in generating steam in a suitable generator, conducting a portion thereof at a reduced pressure to a chamber surrounding a vessel containing liquid bisulphide of carbon for evolving vapor, superheating the vapor by the heat of steam under a higher pressure applied directly from the generator to the vapor in automaticallyregulated quantities before it is admitted to the engine-cylinder, and continued until the piston has completed its power-stroke, substantially as described.

22. The method of operating a bisulphideofcarbon engine, Which consists in generating steam in a suitable generator, conducting a portion thereof under a reduced pressure to a chamber surrounding a vessel containing liquid bisulphide of carbon for evolving vapor,

and then superheating the vapor by the heat of steam under higher pressure drawn directly from the generator, conducting the vapor to the engine, and automatically controlling the supply of steam for evolving the vapor as variations in the Work performed by the engine require, substantially as described.

23. The method of operating a bisulphideof-carbon engine, which consists in gener-ating steam in a suitable generator, applying the heat thereof to evolve vapor from liquid bisulphide of carbon and to expand the same, utilizing the energy of the vapor in an engine, and returning the Water of condensation to the steam-generator with al volume of steam from the chamber which surrounds the vaporgenerator, substantially as described. A

24E. The method of operating a bisulphideof-carbon engine, which consists in generating steam in a suitable generator, applying the heat thereof to evolve vapor from liquid bisulphide of carbon and to expand the same, utilizing the energy of the vapor in an engine, and returning the Water of condensation from the chamber surrounding the vapor-generator, the supply-conduit, and the engine-cylinder,

to the steam-generator with a volume of steamv from the chamber which surrounds the vaporgenerator, substantially as described.

25. In a bisulphide-of-carbon engine, the method of condensing the exhaust vapor, which consists in conducting it to a chamber in which the major portion is liquefied and the air charged with the uncondeiisedvapor to a secondary vessel, iu which the escape vapor from the primary vessel is condensed and the liquid bisulphide precipitated, substantially as described.

26. In a bisulphide-of carbon engine, the method of condensing the exhaust vapor, Which consists in conducting it from the engine to a chamber iu which the major portion is liquefied and the air charged with uncondensed vapor to a secondary vessel containing Water, through which the escape vapors irom the primary vessel pass, the liquid bisulphide precipitated, and withdrawn therefrom, substantially as described.

27. In a bisulpliide-of-carbon engine, the method of relieving the air which may be contained in the condenser of the noxious odors of the vapor-,Which consists in conducting said air charged with vapor from the condense1. through a body of Water contained in a vessel, precipitating the liquid bisulphide, and discharging the air into the open atmosphere, substantially as described.

XV. S. COLWVELL.

Vitnesses:

J AMEs J. JoiiNsioN, WM. E. DYRn.

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